Okla. Stat. tit. 22, § 22-21
This is the official text of Okla. Stat. tit. 22, § 22-21, part of Oklahoma’s Stat. tit. 22, — part of the compiled statutory law of Oklahoma, published by the state as "Stat. tit. 22,." Browse the sections below, each linked to its official government source.
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Eyewitness identification procedures
Official statutory text
As used in this section:
1. "Blind administration" means the lack of knowledge of the
administrator of an eyewitness identification procedure as to the
identity of the suspect;
2. "Blinded administration" means the administrator of an
eyewitness identification procedure may know the identity of the
suspect but not the position in which the suspect is placed in the
photo array when it is viewed by the eyewitness;
3. "Eyewitness" means a person who observed another person at
or near the scene of an offense;
4. "Filler" means either a person or a photograph of a person
included in an identification procedure who is not suspected of the
offense in question;
5. "Folder shuffle method" means a blinded procedure in which:
a. the suspect photo and filler photos are each placed in
separate folders for a total of six photographs and
then shuffled,
Oklahoma Statutes - Title 22. Criminal Procedure Page 43
b. four blank folders are placed behind the six folders
that contain photographs, and
c. each folder is then presented to an eyewitness such
that the administrator cannot see which photos are
being presented to the eyewitness until after the
procedure is completed;
6. "Live lineup" means an eyewitness identification procedure
in which a group of persons, including the suspected perpetrator of
an offense and other persons who are not suspected of the offense,
is displayed to an eyewitness for the purpose of determining whether
the eyewitness identifies the suspect as the perpetrator;
7. "Photo array" means an identification procedure in which an
array of photographs, including a photograph of the suspected
perpetrator of an offense and additional photographs of other
persons who are not suspected of the offense, is displayed to an
eyewitness either in hard copy form or via electronic means for the
purpose of determining whether the eyewitness identifies the suspect
as the perpetrator; and
8. "Show-up" means an identification procedure in which an
eyewitness is presented with a single suspect in person for the
purpose of determining whether the eyewitness identifies the
individual as the perpetrator.
B. All law enforcement agencies in this state that conduct
eyewitness identification procedures shall adopt a detailed, written
policy that shall include, but not be limited to, the following
requirements:
1. All photo arrays and live lineups shall be conducted using a
blind administrator or a technique of blinded administration, such
as the folder shuffle method;
2. The eyewitness shall be informed before the identification
procedure that the person who committed the offense may or may not
be present in the procedure;
3. Fillers shall be selected who match the description of the
perpetrator provided by the eyewitness and do not make the suspect
noticeably stand out;
4. After the eyewitness makes an identification, the eyewitness
shall be asked to state in his or her own words the level of
certainty in the selection, and the statement shall be documented;
5. A protocol guiding the use of show-ups procedures, including
that show-ups should only be used when a suspect is detained within
a reasonably short time frame following the offense; and
6. A protocol for documenting eyewitness identification
procedures.
1. "Blind administration" means the lack of knowledge of the
administrator of an eyewitness identification procedure as to the
identity of the suspect;
2. "Blinded administration" means the administrator of an
eyewitness identification procedure may know the identity of the
suspect but not the position in which the suspect is placed in the
photo array when it is viewed by the eyewitness;
3. "Eyewitness" means a person who observed another person at
or near the scene of an offense;
4. "Filler" means either a person or a photograph of a person
included in an identification procedure who is not suspected of the
offense in question;
5. "Folder shuffle method" means a blinded procedure in which:
a. the suspect photo and filler photos are each placed in
separate folders for a total of six photographs and
then shuffled,
Oklahoma Statutes - Title 22. Criminal Procedure Page 43
b. four blank folders are placed behind the six folders
that contain photographs, and
c. each folder is then presented to an eyewitness such
that the administrator cannot see which photos are
being presented to the eyewitness until after the
procedure is completed;
6. "Live lineup" means an eyewitness identification procedure
in which a group of persons, including the suspected perpetrator of
an offense and other persons who are not suspected of the offense,
is displayed to an eyewitness for the purpose of determining whether
the eyewitness identifies the suspect as the perpetrator;
7. "Photo array" means an identification procedure in which an
array of photographs, including a photograph of the suspected
perpetrator of an offense and additional photographs of other
persons who are not suspected of the offense, is displayed to an
eyewitness either in hard copy form or via electronic means for the
purpose of determining whether the eyewitness identifies the suspect
as the perpetrator; and
8. "Show-up" means an identification procedure in which an
eyewitness is presented with a single suspect in person for the
purpose of determining whether the eyewitness identifies the
individual as the perpetrator.
B. All law enforcement agencies in this state that conduct
eyewitness identification procedures shall adopt a detailed, written
policy that shall include, but not be limited to, the following
requirements:
1. All photo arrays and live lineups shall be conducted using a
blind administrator or a technique of blinded administration, such
as the folder shuffle method;
2. The eyewitness shall be informed before the identification
procedure that the person who committed the offense may or may not
be present in the procedure;
3. Fillers shall be selected who match the description of the
perpetrator provided by the eyewitness and do not make the suspect
noticeably stand out;
4. After the eyewitness makes an identification, the eyewitness
shall be asked to state in his or her own words the level of
certainty in the selection, and the statement shall be documented;
5. A protocol guiding the use of show-ups procedures, including
that show-ups should only be used when a suspect is detained within
a reasonably short time frame following the offense; and
6. A protocol for documenting eyewitness identification
procedures.
Status: in_force · Read it on the official government site
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