Tex. Transportation Code § 522.052

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (g), a commercial driver's license issued by the department may be renewed in the year preceding the expiration date.

(b) Except as provided by Section 522.054, a renewal of a commercial driver's license that has been expired for less than one year expires eight years after the expiration date shown on the commercial driver's license.

(c) Except as provided by Section 522.054, a renewal of a commercial driver's license that has been expired for at least one year but not more than two years expires seven years after the applicant's last birthday.

(d) If a commercial driver's license has been expired for more than two years, the person must make an application and meet the requirements for original issuance of a commercial driver's license.

(e) A commercial learner's permit may be renewed once for an additional 180 days without requiring the applicant to retake the general and endorsement knowledge tests.

(f) For purposes of this section, a person's "last birthday" is the birthday that occurs on or before the date of issuance.

(g) A commercial driver's license issued under Section 522.033 or to which Section 522.054 applies may not be renewed before the 60th day preceding the expiration date.

(h) A renewal commercial driver's license issued to a person whose residence or domicile is a correctional facility or a parole facility expires on the first birthday of the license holder occurring after the first anniversary of the date of issuance.

(i) Unless the information has been previously provided to the department, the department shall require each applicant for a renewal or duplicate commercial driver's license to furnish to the department:

(1) proof of the applicant's United States citizenship; or

(2) documentation described by Section 521.142(a).

(j) The department may not deny a renewal or duplicate commercial driver's license to an applicant who provides documentation described by Section 521.142(a) based on the duration of the person's authorized stay in the United States, as indicated by the documentation presented under Section 521.142(a).

(k) Except as provided by Section 522.054, a renewal of a commercial driver's license with a hazardous materials endorsement that has been expired for less than one year expires five years after the expiration date shown on the commercial driver's license.

(l) Except as provided by Section 522.054, a renewal of a commercial driver's license with a hazardous materials endorsement that has been expired for at least one year but not more than two years expires five years after the applicant's last birthday.